The Importance of Sewage Water Treatment Plant

Large industries, factories, and mills generate tons of sewage every day. Some of this waste is so harmful that if it is allowed to leave the neighborhood area, it can cause various diseases and contamination of land and water. It is easy to eliminate solid waste but it is not so easy to remove chemical and biological contaminants from these wastes, so they can be sent to safe areas. This is done with the help of sewage treatment plants. Here I am coming from some important factors related to the tertiary sewage treatment.

Working of Sewage Water Treatment Plant:

Although it is very simple, the recycling of treated sewage requires careful attention to detail and maintenance. Here we have explained the working of the plant.

#Sedimentation: The first process involves sedimentation of solid waste so that only liquid matter floats on top. This liquid matter is then separated from the solid waste with the help of the clarification process or the machines called clarifiers. The basic principle behind this process is to eliminate solid waste and leave only liquid waste for the next part of the sewage treatment.

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Setting up of Sewage Treatment Plants to Clean Yamuna River

Untreated sewage drains into river Yamuna flowing through Delhi due to which the Yamuna water gets contaminated.

According to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), CPCB has initiated monitoring and performance evaluation of Sewage Treatment Plants of Delhi. Waste Water Generation in Delhi has been assessed as 3800 MLD and the Waste Water Treatment capacity developed so far is 3059.48 MLD comprising 40 STPs, leaving a gap of 740.52 MLD in the treatment capacity. The STP at Coronation Pillar I (old) of 45.4 MLD has not been included in the assessment due to its closure.

Out of 40 STPs, 32 STPs (2643.35 MLD) are operational, 07 STPs (325.33 MLD) are non-operational and 01 STP of capacity 90.8 MLD is under construction. There is gap of about 36.53 % as far as development of operational sewage treatment capacity is concerned. The capacity of treatment facilities is only 63.46 % as against the quantity of waste water (1941.67 MLD) reaching to STPs. The operation of these STPs is being maintained by Delhi Jal Board. According to the Delhi Jal Board (DJB), the major drains in Delhi receive untreated waste water flows from mainly two sources (i) from the adjoining state Haryana through Badshahpur drain, Gurgaon, Panipat and Sonipat drains and (ii) from the sub drains emanating from the unsewered areas of Delhi.

Delhi has undertaken a mega project to tap all such sub drains carrying untreated waste water flows into the major drains, directions have been issued by Hon'ble NGT to Haryana state to establish its waste water treatment plants to ensure that only treated effluent flows into the drains out-falling into river Yamuna.